Inverters

Inverter
Inverter is used to convert 12 volt system to 220 volt and 50Hz. There are two kind of inverters, modified sinewave and true sinewave inverters.
Modified sinewave
Modified sinewave inverters are cheap and is the most common type of inverter on the market. They can run most common tools and appliances, including microwaves, refrigerators, hand tools, televisions and computers. Devices that require true sine wave will not run on modified sinewave inverter. Remember if your product does not work with modified sinewave inverter so it mean you need to buy true sinewave inverter.
True Sinewave inverter
True sinewave inverters are expensive. These products require true sinewave inverter high-end audio video units, plasma displays, gaming systems, and certain scientific testing equipment.

Solar Battery

Solar Battery Storage

Warning! Batteries are very explosives. Do not short the batteries. Never try to short the circuit to test it.

Normal Batteries
Batteries are very important resource in solar power system to store all the power. It is used normal car batteries. Normal batteries are cheap and good. Normal car batteries require some maintenance. The thing is you need to do is fill mineral free water or destilled water(Urd. Taizab) after a period. You have to check the battery after each 6 months or earlier for level of destilled water. Cable connection needs to be clean and tightened. Many battery problems are caused by dirty and loose connections.
Maintenance Free Batteries
Maintenance free batteries do not require any kind of filling of acids. These batteries have a liftime of 1000 charges or some years. So you have to change battery after this time.
How much watt a battery can store?
It depends on battery size and how much Ah(Ampere hour) is a battery. Example if a battery is 65Ah so it can store 780W. We know a battery is 12v and we have 65Ah. P = E * I = 12v * 65 = 780W.
How to increase battery capacity?
By connecting to batteries in parallel it will increase capacity. We are showing you how to connect batteries in parallel on the picture under. You have to connect positive wire from 1st battery over to second battery and connect negative wire over to negative wire on second battery.



Batteries connected in parallel gives more capacity

Batteries connected in series gives higher voltage

Charge Controller

Charge Controller
Charge controller is used to charge batteries from Solar Panels. Solar panels normal give 15-17 volt, charge controller converts that to 12-14 volt and charges battery. Battery often need a higher voltage than it already have to charge the battery. Charge controller prevents batteries to be over charged. And stops to charge when battery is fully charged. And it will give longer life for battery. You can also use blocking diode instead of charge controller. But there are some negative effects of blocking diodes. If you do not use charge controller and just use a blocking diode, so battery can be over charged and damaged. If you is using big solar panel system so it is better to have an advanced charge controller. That gives you complete statistics of how much volt and ampere it have charged battery. Advanced charge controllers also show you how much ampere is on batteries. Charge controllers can automatic disconnect battery if it is going to be empty.
For bigger systems like tubewell or water pumping they are used high voltage charge controllers, called MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracker) charge controllers. MPPT charge controller can convert dc-dc voltage. Example used in 24, 38, 48 volt systems. MPPT charge controllers are used with higher power panels like 135 watt and higher panels.

Read more about charge controller

Blocking diode as charge controller

Solar Lighting

Solar Lights

This is information you need to know when using solar powered lighting system.When selecting lights we recommend you to select DC 12 volt lights. As high watt gives high light. And select energy saving lights. Because energy saving lights give you more light and uses less energy. As a sample a 11W energy saving bulb gives light like 60W.


When selecting lights you can see the picture over like this one the box. And see how much watt does it use.
How to connect lights?
Connect always DC lights in Parallel connection. We are not going deep in why to connect in parallel. A reason is voltage fall. See the picture under for wire connections. Do not connect wires in opposite directions if it is written on instructions for bulbs.



DC Lights connected in parallel How much power do they use?
When 3 dc lights connected of 11 watt so Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3. This mean total power = light1 + light2 + light3. Ptotal = 11 + 11 + 11 = 33W.